de Oliveira Silva · Endocrine regulations 2018 · longitudinal pilot study · n=13

Salivary cortisol and nitrite concentrations in school teachers: A longitudinal pilot study.

Level 4 - case-series / case-control

Single-cohort longitudinal observational pilot study without a comparison group

PubMed 31517603 · doi:10.2478/enr-2018-0015 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

Saliva samples were collected from 13 secondary school teachers across five schools at three time points (6:30 a.m., 11:30 a.m., and 5:30 p.m.) across three months of the academic year (March, July, and December). Salivary cortisol was measured via enzyme immunoassay and nitric oxide was assessed via nitrite quantification. Total daily exposure was calculated as area under the curve with respect to ground (AUC).

What was found

Neither salivary cortisol nor nitrite concentrations showed statistically significant differences across the three sampling months. Daily cortisol and nitrite concentrations demonstrated a weak, statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.3455, p = 0.0336).

Why it matters

This pilot study provides initial preliminary evidence that salivary nitrite correlates weakly with salivary cortisol, suggesting salivary nitric oxide could be explored alongside cortisol in occupational stress research.

Limits

The sample size is extremely small (n = 13), limiting statistical power and generalizability. There was no control group, dietary nitrate intake was not reported, and subjective stress or cardiovascular outcomes were not directly measured.