Mediterranean Diet and Sleep Features: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.
Level 3 - non-randomized controlled study
Systematic review of observational studies
PubMed 38257175 · doi:10.3390/nu16020282
What was done
Systematic review of 23 observational reports evaluating the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and sleep features, including sleep quality, duration, daytime sleepiness, and insomnia symptoms, conducted in populations both within and outside the Mediterranean basin.
What was found
The abstract reports no numerical values, effect sizes, or confidence intervals. It states that the majority of included studies reported a significant association between higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and a lower likelihood of poor sleep quality, inadequate sleep duration, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia symptoms.
Why it matters
Synthesizes observational evidence linking Mediterranean diet adherence with multiple favorable sleep characteristics across diverse geographical settings.
Limits
The review relies entirely on observational studies, which cannot establish causality and may be confounded by other lifestyle factors. The abstract does not report participant sample sizes, specific effect sizes, or quantitative meta-analytic pooling.