Interventions to Address Racism in Disciplinary Actions in K-12 Schools: A Systematic Review.
Level 2 - randomized trial
Systematic review of heterogeneous intervention studies
PubMed 41273609 · doi:10.1007/s11121-025-01855-2
What was done
A systematic review was conducted to evaluate published literature on US public and private K-12 school-based interventions aimed at remedying racial disparities in disciplinary actions and to examine the research designs used to test their efficacy.
What was found
The review identified 48 studies that directly or indirectly attempted to address the race discipline gap. Only 3 studies demonstrated a reduction in racial disparities in school discipline using a culturally relevant intervention. Quantitative effect sizes and statistical metrics were not reported in the abstract.
Why it matters
Despite widespread recognition of racial disparities in school disciplinary actions, very few evaluated interventions successfully narrow the gap using culturally relevant practices.
Limits
The abstract does not report individual study designs, participant sample sizes, specific intervention modalities, or quantitative effect sizes across the 48 included studies. Findings are limited to US K-12 settings.