Panda · Science (New York, N.Y.) 2002 · Animal gene knockout experimental study · n=?

Melanopsin (Opn4) requirement for normal light-induced circadian phase shifting.

Cited 864 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Animal knockout experiment (non-human laboratory research)

PubMed 12481141 · doi:10.1126/science.1076848 · record verified 2026-08-30

What was done

Researchers generated melanopsin-knockout mice (Opn4-/-) and assessed their circadian activity rhythms under standard light/dark cycles, constant darkness, and in response to brief pulses of monochromatic light.

What was found

The abstract reports no numerical values. Qualitatively, Opn4-/- mice successfully entrained to standard light/dark cycles and displayed no overt defects in circadian rhythms in constant darkness, but they showed severely attenuated phase resetting in response to brief monochromatic light pulses.

Why it matters

This study provides direct functional evidence that melanopsin is a critical photopigment for acute light-induced phase shifting of the mammalian circadian pacemaker.

Limits

The study was conducted in a mouse model, and the abstract does not provide sample sizes, quantitative effect sizes, variance measures, or specific light pulse parameters (intensity, wavelength, duration).

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