Hayashi · Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 2003 · controlled crossover trial · n=10

The alerting effects of caffeine, bright light and face washing after a short daytime nap.

Cited 127 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Small controlled crossover trial in healthy volunteers

PubMed 14652086 · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00255-4 · record verified 2026-08-27

What was done

Ten young healthy adults participated in five daytime conditions tested around 12:40 PM: a 20-minute nap alone (Nap only); 200 mg caffeine followed by a 20-minute nap (Caffeine+Nap); a 20-minute nap followed immediately by 1 minute of 2,000 lx bright light (Nap+Bright-light); a 20-minute nap followed immediately by face washing (Nap+Face-washing); and rest without sleep (No-Nap). Participants completed computer tasks for 15 minutes before napping and for 1 hour after napping.

What was found

The abstract does not report numerical data, effect sizes, or p-values. Caffeine+Nap was reported as the most effective condition for subjective sleepiness and performance level, lasting throughout the 1-hour post-nap testing window. Nap+Bright-light was comparable to Caffeine+Nap for subjective sleepiness but not for performance. Nap+Face-washing showed mild and transient suppression of subjective sleepiness immediately after napping.

Why it matters

This study indicates that combining a short daytime nap with pre-nap caffeine or post-nap bright light exposure reduces mid-afternoon sleepiness more effectively than napping alone.

Limits

The sample size is very small (n = 10), and the abstract provides no quantitative data or statistical metrics. Blinding was not possible for interventions such as face washing or bright light, and follow-up was limited to one hour.

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