Brain plasticity and functional losses in the aged: scientific bases for a novel intervention.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review and theoretical framework presenting preliminary pilot randomized trial data.
PubMed 17046669 · doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)57006-2
What was done
The authors presented a theoretical framework attributing age-related cognitive and sensory decline to maladaptive neuroplasticity driven by reduced brain activity, noisy processing, weakened neuromodulatory control, and negative learning. To test a remedial approach, they conducted an initial randomized controlled pilot study in older adults evaluating a computerized, brain-plasticity-based cognitive training program. Memory performance was assessed pre- and post-intervention using standardized neuropsychological measures, comparing the training group against a time-matched computer-using active control group and a no-contact control group.
What was found
Older adults completed the training program predominantly unsupervised. The intervention group demonstrated a significant pre-to-post improvement on standardized memory measures (effect size 0.41, p < 0.0005). Neither the active computer-using control group nor the no-contact control group demonstrated significant within-group changes. The abstract does not report baseline or post-test score values, confidence intervals, or sample sizes.
Why it matters
This paper outlines the neurobiological rationale for cognitive training targeting basic sensory and cognitive processing fidelity rather than compensatory strategies, providing early pilot evidence that plasticity-based interventions can enhance memory in older adults.
Limits
The abstract does not report the sample size (n), participant characteristics, intervention duration, training frequency, or retention of gains over time. Outcomes are reported as within-group changes rather than formal between-group interaction analyses.
Cited by
- supports Michael Merzenich and collaborators discovered that neuroplasticity remains a feature of the brain and nervous system throughout the entire human lifespan.