Koebel · Nature 2007 · animal experimental study · n=?

Adaptive immunity maintains occult cancer in an equilibrium state.

Cited 1408 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Animal model (mouse study with no human data)

PubMed 18026089 · doi:10.1038/nature06309 · record verified 2026-08-30

What was done

The authors used a mouse model of primary chemical carcinogenesis to test whether the equilibrium phase of cancer immunoediting occurs, examining the proliferative status and immunogenicity of occult neoplastic cells under immune restraint.

What was found

No quantitative figures, sample sizes, or statistical values are reported in the abstract. Qualitatively, the authors demonstrated that immune-mediated equilibrium occurs and is distinct from elimination and escape, with transformed cells in equilibrium proliferating poorly and remaining unedited until they spontaneously escape immune restraint to form clinically apparent tumors.

Why it matters

This paper provides direct experimental proof in a preclinical model for the equilibrium phase of cancer immunoediting, showing that adaptive immunity can actively restrain tumor growth over prolonged periods without eradicating transformed cells.

Limits

The study is entirely preclinical in mice, and the abstract reports no numerical data, sample sizes, or variance metrics. Applicability to natural human occult tumor dormancy remains indirect.

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