Khazan · Infant mental health journal 2008 · Observational cohort study · n=?

Violated Wishes About Division of Childcare Labor Predict Early Coparenting Process During Stressful and Nonstressful Family Evaluations.

Cited 48 times in the scientific literature.

Level 3 - non-randomized controlled study

Non-randomized observational study examining parental expectations and observed family interactions (design analogy).

PubMed 19768138 · doi:10.1002/imhj.20183 · record verified 2026-08-31

What was done

The study evaluated how violated parental expectations regarding fathers' involvement in childcare relate to maternal and paternal marital satisfaction and early coparenting behavior. Coparenting dynamics were directly assessed during playful and mildly stressful family-interaction sessions.

What was found

The abstract provides no numerical data, effect sizes, confidence intervals, or sample size counts. Qualitatively, it reports that violated childcare expectations were associated with negative effects on enacted family processes and that violated maternal wishes related differently to coparenting dynamics depending on whether the interaction was playful or mildly stressful.

Why it matters

It highlights that discrepancies between prenatal expectations and postnatal reality regarding division of childcare labor may negatively influence observational coparenting interactions across different family stress contexts.

Limits

The abstract omits sample size, participant demographics, follow-up intervals, and all quantitative statistical estimates. The specific observational coding systems and definitions of violated expectations are not described.

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