Hölzel · Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 2010 · uncontrolled pre-post intervention study · n=26

Stress reduction correlates with structural changes in the amygdala.

Cited 611 times in the scientific literature.

Level 4 - case-series / case-control

Uncontrolled longitudinal pre-post cohort study

PubMed 19776221 · doi:10.1093/scan/nsp034 · record verified 2026-08-30

What was done

Twenty-six stressed but otherwise healthy individuals completed an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention. Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and underwent anatomical MRI pre- and post-intervention. Changes in PSS scores were used as a predictive regressor for changes in bilateral amygdala gray matter density.

What was found

Participants reported significantly reduced perceived stress post-intervention. Decreases in perceived stress correlated positively with decreases in right basolateral amygdala gray matter density. The abstract does not report specific numerical values, correlation coefficients, or p-values.

Why it matters

It provides preliminary longitudinal evidence that self-reported psychological stress reduction from a behavioral program is associated with structural neuroplastic changes in the human amygdala.

Limits

The study is limited by a small sample size (n = 26) and the lack of an active or passive control group, meaning changes cannot be definitively attributed to the mindfulness intervention versus time or non-specific effects. No exact statistics or effect sizes are provided in the abstract.

Cited by