Rapaport · Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.) 2012 · randomized controlled trial · n=?

A preliminary study of the effects of repeated massage on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and immune function in healthy individuals: a study of mechanisms of action and dosage.

Cited 94 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Individual randomized controlled trial.

PubMed 22775448 · doi:10.1089/acm.2011.0071 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

Medically and psychiatrically healthy young adults were randomized to receive 45 minutes of standardized Swedish massage therapy or a light-touch control condition either weekly or twice weekly for 5 weeks in an outpatient research setting. Investigators evaluated mean group differences across oxytocin, arginine-vasopressin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, circulating phenotypic lymphocyte markers, and mitogen-stimulated cytokine levels.

What was found

The abstract reports directional findings without specific numbers, effect sizes, or p-values. Weekly Swedish massage resulted in increased circulating phenotypic lymphocyte markers and decreased mitogen-stimulated cytokine production relative to light touch, with minimal effect on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function. In contrast, twice-weekly massage increased oxytocin, reduced arginine-vasopressin and cortisol, had minimal effect on lymphocyte markers, and slightly increased mitogen-stimulated interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-2 levels.

Why it matters

This preliminary study suggests that biological responses to massage therapy may persist across several days and differ depending on administration frequency.

Limits

The abstract does not state the sample size, exact numerical values, or statistical significance metrics. Findings in healthy young adults cannot be directly generalized to clinical populations with inflammatory, endocrine, or psychiatric conditions.

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