Figueiro · International journal of endocrinology 2012 · controlled crossover trial · n=18

Short-wavelength light enhances cortisol awakening response in sleep-restricted adolescents.

Cited 46 times in the scientific literature.

Level 3 - non-randomized controlled study

Small controlled crossover study without explicit mention of randomization in the abstract.

PubMed 22899916 · doi:10.1155/2012/301935 · record verified 2026-08-31

What was done

In a secondary analysis of a laboratory crossover study, 18 adolescents aged 12–17 underwent three overnight sessions spaced at least one week apart following sleep restriction (a 4.5-hour sleep opportunity). After awakening, participants were exposed for 80 minutes to either dim light or 40 lux (0.401 W/m²) of 470-nm short-wavelength light. Saliva samples were collected every 20 minutes to measure the cortisol awakening response.

What was found

Morning exposure to short-wavelength light significantly enhanced the cortisol awakening response compared to dim light. The abstract provides no specific numerical values, effect sizes, or p-values.

Why it matters

Morning blue-light exposure acutely augments the neuroendocrine awakening response, which may help sleep-restricted adolescents transition into wakefulness.

Limits

The sample size is very small (n = 18). No quantitative data, variances, or p-values are reported in the abstract. The study examined acute laboratory sleep restriction rather than chronic real-world patterns, and behavioral or functional outcomes were not assessed.

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