Cellular regulation of glucose uptake by glucose transporter GLUT4.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review synthesizing molecular mechanisms without primary human experimental data.
PubMed 25344989 · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801401-1.00006-2
What was done
This narrative review summarizes current knowledge regarding the molecular processes controlling glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) physiology, focusing on its intracellular retention within muscle and adipose cells and its translocation to the cell surface in response to insulin signaling and muscle contraction.
What was found
The abstract presents no quantitative data or specific numerical findings. It outlines the qualitative model wherein GLUT4 is sequestered intracellularly in basal states and translocates to the plasma membrane following insulin stimulation or muscle contraction to facilitate glucose uptake, while noting that the precise molecular mechanisms governing intracellular retention remain largely unresolved.
Why it matters
Clarifying the molecular regulation of GLUT4 localization provides fundamental insight into normal glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Limits
The abstract provides no primary empirical data, quantitative metrics, or systematic search methodology. As a narrative review, it reflects theoretical and mechanistic concepts without evaluating clinical trial evidence or specific human sample cohorts.
Cited by
- context Lactate produced during high-intensity vigorous exercise acts as a signaling molecule that prompts glucose transporters to translocate to the muscle cell surface.