24-hour human urine and serum profiles of bisphenol A: Evidence against sublingual absorption following ingestion in soup.
Level 4 - case-series / case-control
Single-arm human pharmacokinetic interventional study without a control group
PubMed 25620055 · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2015.01.009
What was done
Ten adult male volunteers ingested 30 μg/kg body weight of deuterated bisphenol A (d6-BPA) in soup to test whether liquid matrices enhance absorption through oral cavity tissues. Concurrent serum and urine concentrations of parent d6-BPA, d6-BPA-glucuronide, and d6-BPA-sulfate were measured over a 24-hour period to assess pharmacokinetic parameters and sublingual bioavailability.
What was found
Absorption of d6-BPA had an absorption half-life (t1/2) of 0.45 h, and elimination of the administered dose was complete by 24 h post-ingestion. Maximum serum d6-BPA concentration was 0.43 nM at 1.6 h, representing <0.3% of total d6-BPA. The appearance half-life of d6-BPA-glucuronide was significantly faster than that of parent d6-BPA (0.29 h vs 0.45 h), and pharmacokinetic modeling indicated absorption through non-metabolizing tissue was <1%.
Why it matters
This study provides experimental evidence that dietary ingestion of BPA in a liquid matrix does not lead to meaningful sublingual absorption avoiding first-pass metabolism, indicating that typical dietary exposure yields picomolar to subpicomolar, rather than nanomolar, bioactive serum BPA concentrations.
Limits
The study evaluated a small sample (n=10) composed exclusively of adult males receiving a single acute dose in one specific food vehicle (soup). Findings may not generalize to females, children, or non-dietary exposure routes.
Cited by
- context BPA is cleared and excreted by the human body within approximately 6 hours under normal conditions.