Lim · PloS one 2015 · randomized controlled trial · n=?

Mindfulness and compassion: an examination of mechanism and scalability.

Cited 298 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Randomized controlled trial with an active control group

PubMed 25689827 · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118221 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

Participants were assigned to complete a three-week, mobile app-based training course in either mindfulness meditation or cognitive skills (active control). Following training, each participant arrived at a lab and sat in the last open chair in a waiting area with two seated confederates. A third confederate on crutches and wearing a walking boot entered while displaying visible discomfort. The primary outcome was whether the participant gave up their seat to relieve the confederate's pain. Empathic accuracy was also measured.

What was found

Participants in the mindfulness meditation condition gave up their seats more frequently than those in the active control group. Mindfulness practice did not increase empathic accuracy. The abstract reports no numerical values, sample sizes, or test statistics.

Why it matters

This study provides experimental evidence that brief, scalable smartphone-based mindfulness training can foster prosocial helping behavior in a naturalistic setting, and indicates that this effect operates independently of improvements in decoding others' emotional states.

Limits

The abstract omits sample size, participant demographics, and numerical effect sizes. The assessment was limited to a single staged behavioral interaction immediately following the intervention, leaving long-term real-world persistence unexamined.

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