Bratman · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2015 · controlled experimental trial · n=?

Nature experience reduces rumination and subgenual prefrontal cortex activation.

Cited 919 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Controlled experimental comparison of nature vs. urban walking interventions

PubMed 26124129 · doi:10.1073/pnas.1510459112 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

Healthy participants completed a 90-minute walk in either a natural or an urban environment. Investigators measured pre- and post-walk changes in self-reported rumination and neural activity in the subgenual prefrontal cortex (sgPFC).

What was found

A 90-minute walk in a natural setting decreased both self-reported rumination and sgPFC neural activity, whereas a 90-minute walk in an urban setting did not produce these effects. The abstract provides no specific numerical values, sample sizes, or test statistics.

Why it matters

The study identifies subgenual prefrontal cortex down-regulation as a potential neural mechanism linking nature exposure to decreased depressive rumination.

Limits

The abstract omits sample size, participant demographics, allocation methods, and exact quantitative effect sizes. The findings reflect acute effects in healthy participants and may not generalize to clinical populations with depression.

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