Avula · Drug testing and analysis 2016 · Laboratory chemical analysis (UHPLC-PDA) · n=54 supplement products (23 vinpocetine, 31 picamilon)

Identification and quantification of vinpocetine and picamilon in dietary supplements sold in the United States.

Cited 27 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Laboratory chemical analytical bench study of commercial products with no human subjects (graded by CEBM analogy)

PubMed 26426301 · doi:10.1002/dta.1853 · record verified 2026-08-30

What was done

Researchers developed and validated an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode-array (UHPLC-PDA) method (C-18 column, water/acetonitrile mobile phase) to identify and quantify vinpocetine and picamilon in dietary supplements sold in the United States. Samples included 23 vinpocetine supplements purchased from two large retail chains and 31 picamilon supplements purchased from various retailers.

What was found

The assay limits of detection were 10 ng/mL for vinpocetine and 50 ng/mL for picamilon. Of the 23 vinpocetine products, 17 contained vinpocetine ranging from 0.3 to 32 mg per recommended daily serving, 6 contained no detectable vinpocetine, and 3 misidentified vinpocetine as a constituent of lesser periwinkle. Of the 31 picamilon products, 30 contained picamilon ranging from 2.7 to 721.5 mg per recommended daily serving.

Why it matters

Consumers purchasing dietary supplements in the United States cannot rely on label claims to know whether vinpocetine or picamilon is present or at what dosage, exposing them to potentially high pharmaceutical doses.

Limits

The study evaluated a non-exhaustive convenience sample of 54 supplement products. It did not test batch-to-batch consistency, product stability over time, or clinical pharmacokinetic and health outcomes in human consumers.

Cited by