Schoenfeld · Journal of strength and conditioning research 2016 · randomized controlled trial · n=21

Longer Interset Rest Periods Enhance Muscle Strength and Hypertrophy in Resistance-Trained Men.

Cited 178 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Individual randomized controlled trial.

PubMed 26605807 · doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001272 · record verified 2026-08-27

What was done

Twenty-one resistance-trained young men were randomized to an 8-week resistance training program comparing 1-minute interset rest intervals (SHORT) versus 3-minute rest intervals (LONG). All other resistance training variables were kept constant across 3 weekly full-body sessions (3 sets of 8–12 RM for 7 exercises). Pre- and post-study testing assessed 1RM squat and bench press, 50% 1RM bench press endurance to failure, and ultrasound muscle thickness of the elbow flexors, triceps brachii, and quadriceps femoris.

What was found

Maximal strength gains were significantly greater for LONG compared to SHORT for both 1RM squat and bench press. Muscle thickness increases were significantly greater in LONG for the anterior thigh, alongside a trend toward greater increases in the triceps brachii (p = 0.06). Both groups increased local upper-body muscle endurance without significant between-group differences. The abstract reported no exact numerical baseline or post-test values.

Why it matters

The findings challenge traditional bodybuilding recommendations that prescribe short rest intervals for hypertrophy, demonstrating that longer rest periods promote superior muscle size and strength adaptations in experienced lifters.

Limits

The sample size was very small (n = 21) and restricted entirely to young, resistance-trained men. The duration was limited to 8 weeks, and the abstract omits specific numerical effect sizes, percentages, or variance metrics.

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