Peters · Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2016 · Randomized controlled trial (equivalence design) · n=303

The effects of water and non-nutritive sweetened beverages on weight loss and weight maintenance: A randomized clinical trial.

Cited 127 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Individual randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up

PubMed 26708700 · doi:10.1002/oby.21327 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

A 1-year randomized equivalence trial evaluated the effects of consuming 24 ounces (710 ml) daily of either water or non-nutritive sweetened (NNS) beverages in 303 weight-stable adults with overweight and obesity. All participants took part in a concurrent behavioral weight loss program. The study population consisted of individuals who were regular consumers of NNS beverages at baseline.

What was found

Water and NNS beverages were non-equivalent. At 1 year, participants assigned to water maintained a weight loss of 2.45 ± 5.59 kg, whereas participants assigned to NNS beverages maintained a weight loss of 6.21 ± 7.65 kg (P < 0.001 for between-group difference).

Why it matters

This trial shows that replacing diet drinks with water is not required for weight loss and that maintaining NNS beverage consumption can lead to superior 1-year weight reduction within a structured behavioral intervention.

Limits

The trial enrolled only habitual consumers of NNS beverages, so results cannot be generalized to non-consumers. The abstract does not detail blinding procedures, attrition rates, specific non-nutritive sweetener types, or dietary adherence.

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