Terburg · Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016 · Placebo-controlled laboratory trial and behavioral experiment · n=?

Testosterone abolishes implicit subordination in social anxiety.

Cited 42 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Placebo-controlled experimental intervention trial in humans.

PubMed 27448713 · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.07.203 · record verified 2026-08-31

What was done

The authors conducted two interactive eye-tracking experiments to investigate implicit subordination in social anxiety. Study 1 evaluated whether socially anxious individuals more rapidly avert their gaze from subliminal angry eye contact. Study 2 attempted to replicate this effect in an independent sample and assessed whether a single placebo-controlled sublingual testosterone administration abolished this gaze aversion behavior. Participant characteristics, sample sizes, and dosing details were not specified in the abstract.

What was found

Study 1 showed that socially anxious participants averted their gaze more rapidly from subliminal angry eye contact. Study 2 replicated this implicit subordination effect in an independent cohort. Following a single administration of sublingual testosterone versus placebo, this rapid gaze aversion response was reported as completely abolished. The abstract reports no numerical values, effect sizes, or test statistics.

Why it matters

This study links neuro-evolutionary theories of social defeat to implicit dominance drives, demonstrating that hormonal manipulation can acutely alter automatic submissive gaze patterns in social anxiety.

Limits

The abstract omits sample sizes, participant demographics, baseline diagnostic criteria, and numerical results (including effect sizes and p-values). The study examines an acute laboratory eye-tracking task following a single dose, so long-term clinical efficacy and real-world behavioral translation remain unmeasured.

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