TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Report.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Expert panel consensus report and narrative review without original empirical data or systematic review metrics.
PubMed 28736335 · doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2017.05.008
What was done
The TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Subcommittee reviewed contemporary pathophysiological evidence to construct an updated, evidence-based definition and classification scheme for dry eye disease (DED).
What was found
The abstract contains no numerical data or statistical metrics. The subcommittee defined DED as a multifactorial disease centered on the loss of tear film homeostasis, integrating ocular symptoms (discomfort and visual disturbance), tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities. The classification framework positions aqueous-deficient and evaporative dry eye along a continuous spectrum and incorporates discordant presentations, such as asymptomatic ocular surface disease (neurotrophic states) and symptomatic disease without demonstrable surface signs (neuropathic pain).
Why it matters
This framework establishes a standardized pathophysiological baseline and classification system for dry eye disease to guide clinical decision-making and trial design worldwide.
Limits
The abstract describes an expert consensus and conceptual framework rather than an empirical trial, providing no quantitative data, sample size, or systematic methodology for evidence synthesis. It relies on qualitative clinical synthesis and does not test diagnostic accuracy or therapeutic efficacy.
Cited by
- context Dry eyes are caused by a vitamin A deficiency.