Differential diagnostics of female "sexual" fluids: a narrative review.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review without systematic quantitative synthesis.
PubMed 29285596 · doi:10.1007/s00192-017-3527-9
What was done
Authors searched Web of Science and Ovid (MEDLINE) databases from 1950 to 2017 for literature examining fluid expulsion in women during sexual activity, focusing on fluid sources and biochemical composition to propose a differential diagnostic scheme.
What was found
The abstract reports no aggregate sample sizes or statistical comparisons. It characterizes vaginal lubrication as a transvaginal plasma ultra-filtrate; female ejaculation as a few milliliters of thick, milky fluid from Skene's glands containing prostate-specific antigen; squirting as transurethral expulsion of larger volumes of altered urine containing urea, creatinine, and uric acid; and coital incontinence as split into penetration forms (linked to stress incontinence) and orgasm forms (linked to detrusor hyperactivity).
Why it matters
It provides a diagnostic framework to distinguish normal physiological orgasmic fluid expulsions from urinary incontinence requiring clinical management.
Limits
The abstract provides no study counts, participant numbers, or quantitative outcome data. As a narrative review, it lacks systematic quality appraisal and meta-analytic synthesis.
Cited by
- supports Skene's glands emit prostate-specific antigen (PSA).