Kostov · International journal of molecular sciences 2018 · narrative review · n=?

Role of Magnesium Deficiency in Promoting Atherosclerosis, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Arterial Stiffening as Risk Factors for Hypertension.

Cited 206 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative review synthesizing mechanistic literature without systematic search methodology or primary human data

PubMed 29891771 · doi:10.3390/ijms19061724 · record verified 2026-08-31

What was done

Narrative review synthesizing published mechanistic and physiological literature on the role of magnesium deficiency in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, arterial stiffening, and arterial hypertension.

What was found

The abstract reports no quantitative clinical data, sample sizes, or effect sizes. It details physiological mechanisms: magnesium serves as a calcium antagonist and promotes local vasodilators (prostacyclin, nitric oxide), whereas magnesium deficiency increases aldosterone production, vascular inflammation, and catecholamine-driven stress responses while decreasing antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase) and antioxidant levels (vitamins C and E, selenium). Magnesium deficiency is also noted to alter collagen and elastin turnover and promote arterial calcification and stiffness.

Why it matters

It provides a consolidated conceptual model connecting cellular-level magnesium mechanisms to macrovascular dysfunction and hypertension risk.

Limits

As a narrative review, it lacks systematic search criteria, quality appraisal of cited evidence, and quantitative effect estimates. No clinical trial outcomes, human population details, or specific intake thresholds are provided in the abstract.

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