Kraynak · Brain, behavior, and immunity 2019 · cross-sectional observational study · n=303

Retrospectively reported childhood physical abuse, systemic inflammation, and resting corticolimbic connectivity in midlife adults.

Cited 52 times in the scientific literature.

Level 4 - case-series / case-control

Cross-sectional observational study relying on retrospective self-report

PubMed 31445966 · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.08.186 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

Researchers evaluated 303 midlife adults (aged 30–51 years; 149 women) without psychiatric, immune, or cardiovascular diagnoses. Participants completed retrospective self-reports of childhood physical abuse, underwent blood draws to quantify circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, and completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess functional connectivity across corticolimbic regions (amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex [vmPFC], and anterior cingulate cortex). Path analyses were conducted to evaluate whether IL-6 mediated associations between childhood abuse and corticolimbic connectivity.

What was found

The abstract reports directional associations without providing numerical effect sizes, test statistics, or confidence intervals. Retrospectively reported childhood physical abuse was positively associated with circulating IL-6 and negatively associated with functional connectivity between the amygdala and vmPFC. Elevated IL-6 was negatively associated with several corticolimbic connections, including amygdala–vmPFC connectivity. Path analyses indicated an indirect effect of IL-6 that partially explained the association between childhood physical abuse and reduced amygdala–vmPFC connectivity.

Why it matters

This study identifies peripheral inflammatory signaling as a potential biological pathway through which early-life physical abuse may relate to altered corticolimbic brain circuit connectivity in adulthood.

Limits

The study is cross-sectional, precluding causal or temporal conclusions. Childhood physical abuse was assessed via retrospective self-report, introducing potential recall bias. The abstract omits all numerical values, effect sizes, and confidence intervals. Furthermore, the exclusion of individuals with psychiatric, immune, or cardiovascular diagnoses may limit generalizability.

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