Molecular regulation of human skeletal muscle protein synthesis in response to exercise and nutrients: a compass for overcoming age-related anabolic resistance.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review of molecular mechanisms and physiological literature with no meta-analysis or original clinical data
PubMed 31461340 · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00209.2019
What was done
This narrative review synthesized current literature on the molecular mechanisms controlling human skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in response to exercise and nutritional stimuli, specifically evaluating mTORC1-dependent pathways, mTORC1-independent pathways, and ribosomal biogenesis, as well as their potential roles in age-related anabolic resistance.
What was found
The abstract provides no quantitative data or specific numerical results. It qualitatively outlines that MPS is regulated via mTORC1-dependent, mTORC1-independent, and ribosomal biogenesis mechanisms in response to mechanical loading and nutrients, and notes that blunting of these responses characterizes age-related anabolic resistance in human skeletal muscle.
Why it matters
Understanding the specific cellular pathways responsible for attenuated protein synthesis in aging muscle helps identify targeted nutritional, exercise, or pharmacological strategies to mitigate sarcopenia and maintain functional capacity.
Limits
The abstract describes a non-systematic narrative review presenting mechanistic synthesis without quantitative effect sizes, systematic search criteria, or risk-of-bias assessment. It provides no primary human experimental data.
Cited by
- supports Older adults exhibit anabolic resistance to an acute bout of resistance exercise across a wide range of load spectrums.