Lonardo · International journal of molecular sciences 2020 · narrative review · n=?

History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Cited 145 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative historical review without systematic search or primary data

PubMed 32824337 · doi:10.3390/ijms21165888 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

This narrative historical review evaluated the historical development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) concepts in adults and children. The authors reviewed key milestones from 19th-century observations and Ludwig's foundational 1980 histopathological descriptions to modern genetic discoveries, cellular/molecular pathogenesis, connections to metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, malignancy (hepatocellular carcinoma and extra-hepatic cancers), and the evolution of hepatological clinical practice guidelines.

What was found

The abstract reports no quantitative data or statistical comparisons. It outlines conceptual shifts in NAFLD understanding, notably moving from considering NAFLD merely as a passive hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome to recognizing a mutual, bidirectional relationship. It also traces the recognition of NAFLD as an independent cardiovascular risk factor and cancer precursor, while identifying notable discrepancies across clinical society guidelines regarding alcohol thresholds, screening protocols, non-invasive fibrosis assessment, and pharmacotherapy.

Why it matters

Synthesizing the conceptual and diagnostic evolution of NAFLD provides clinical and scientific context for contemporary controversies in disease definition, risk stratification, and guideline recommendations.

Limits

The paper is a qualitative narrative review with no systematic search criteria, pre-specified study selection protocol, or risk-of-bias assessment. No empirical data, quantitative analyses, or sample size metrics are provided in the abstract.

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