Fujimori · World journal of gastroenterology 2020 · narrative review / hypothesis paper · n=?

Gastric acid level of humans must decrease in the future.

Cited 39 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Mechanism-based reasoning and evolutionary hypothesis paper with no empirical data.

PubMed 33268958 · doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i43.6706 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

The author formulated an evolutionary hypothesis through a narrative review, synthesizing observations on digestive physiology (tolerance of proton pump inhibitors and gastrectomy), comparative gastric pH between humans and scavenger species, and ancestral dietary conditions to theorize the future evolutionary trajectory of human gastric acid production.

What was found

The abstract reports no empirical data, sample sizes, or quantitative measurements. It notes qualitatively that digestion remains functional without stomach acid or following total gastrectomy, human gastric pH resembles that of carrion scavengers, and hypothesizes that human gastric acid production will gradually decrease over time if hygienic modern food environments persist.

Why it matters

It offers a theoretical evolutionary explanation for high human gastric acidity as primarily an antimicrobial barrier for scavenging rather than an indispensable digestive necessity.

Limits

The paper is purely speculative mechanism-based reasoning and opinion. The abstract provides no experimental tests, quantitative data, evolutionary modeling, or systematic literature review.

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