The risk of dementia after coronary artery bypass grafting in relation to age and sex.
Level 3 - non-randomized controlled study
Nationwide non-randomized matched cohort study
PubMed 33663018 · doi:10.1002/alz.12251
What was done
All CABG patients in Sweden from 1992 to 2015 (n = 111,335) and matched controls (n = 222,396) were included in a population-based matched cohort study. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for all-cause dementia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease were calculated by age and sex.
What was found
No overall difference in all-cause dementia risk was observed between CABG patients and controls (aHR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.02). Patients under 65 years had higher risk (aHR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.42) and those aged 65 to 74 years had higher risk (aHR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.13), while patients aged 75 years and older had lower risk (aHR 0.76, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.81). Women under 65 years had the highest risk (aHR 1.64, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.05). Specific numerical results for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease were not provided in the abstract.
Why it matters
Overall long-term dementia risk does not differ from the general population following CABG, though younger patients, particularly women under 65, show increased risk.
Limits
Observational design subject to residual confounding; results for specific dementia subtypes are omitted from the abstract; potential competing mortality risk in older age groups is unaddressed in the abstract.
Cited by
- contradicts Undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery increases the risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.