Neuroendocrine Peptides of the Gut and Their Role in the Regulation of Food Intake.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review describing physiological signaling mechanisms without new human data or systematic review methodology.
PubMed 33792904 · doi:10.1002/cphy.c200007
What was done
This narrative review summarizes the physiological roles of gut-derived neuroendocrine peptides involved in gut-brain signaling and appetite regulation. It focuses on seven specific peptides and their enteroendocrine cell origins: ghrelin and nesfatin-1 from gastric X/A-like cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) from duodenal I-cells, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), oxyntomodulin, and peptide YY (PYY) from intestinal L-cells, and uroguanylin (UGN) from enterochromaffin cells.
What was found
The abstract reports no numerical data or statistical findings. It outlines the qualitative anatomical and physiological mechanisms through which these seven peptides communicate metabolic status to specific nuclei in the hindbrain and hypothalamus.
Why it matters
Detailing the specific enteroendocrine sources and central projection targets of gut peptides helps clarify peripheral satiety and hunger signaling, informing therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders.
Limits
The abstract describes a narrative overview rather than a systematic review, providing no search criteria, study count, or quantitative synthesis. No primary human clinical data or effect sizes are reported.
Cited by
- contradicts Ghrelin is secreted by oxyntic cells in the stomach.