do Brito Valente · Exercise immunology review 2021 · narrative review · n=?

Regular physical exercise mediates the immune response in atherosclerosis.

Cited 20 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative review of mechanisms with no systematic search methodology or original data.

PubMed 33965897 · record verified 2026-08-28

What was done

This narrative review synthesized literature on the direct and indirect mechanisms through which regular physical exercise alters systemic inflammation and innate immune cell function in the context of atherosclerosis and plaque formation.

What was found

The abstract reports no quantitative findings or numerical data. It outlines conceptual mechanisms whereby regular exercise alters myokine concentrations (specifically mentioning IL-6, adiponectin, and FGF21) and metabolites, and modulates innate immune cell responses to influence atherosclerotic plaque pathophysiology.

Why it matters

It outlines biological pathways linking physical training to immune and myokine signaling, framing potential mechanisms behind the established cardioprotective benefits of exercise.

Limits

As a narrative review, it lacks a systematic search strategy, quality appraisal of included studies, and quantitative synthesis. The abstract provides no specific data on exercise dosing, clinical cohorts, or effect sizes.

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