Yang · Science progress 2021 · systematic review and meta-analysis · n=7 studies (1,333 participants: 602 intervention, 731 control)

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo recurrence: A meta-analysis.

Cited 18 times in the scientific literature.

Level 3 - non-randomized controlled study

Systematic review and meta-analysis incorporating both randomized and non-randomized studies.

PubMed 34128742 · doi:10.1177/00368504211024569 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

Authors conducted a systematic search and meta-analysis across multiple databases to assess whether vitamin D supplementation reduces recurrence in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) who have vitamin D deficiency. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane evaluation system or Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS). Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models.

What was found

Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, covering 602 participants in the vitamin D supplementation group and 731 in the control group (total n = 1,333). Under a random-effects model, vitamin D supplementation was associated with a statistically significant reduction in BPPV recurrence compared to no supplementation (RR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26–0.65, p < 0.01).

Why it matters

BPPV is prone to frequent recurrence; these findings suggest that identifying and correcting vitamin D deficiency provides a targeted non-pharmacological strategy to reduce repeat vertigo episodes.

Limits

The meta-analysis included non-randomized studies alongside randomized trials, introducing potential confounding. The abstract does not specify dosing regimens, duration of supplementation, baseline or achieved serum vitamin D levels, or heterogeneity statistics.

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