Kim · International journal of molecular sciences 2021 · narrative review · n=?

Metformin as a Treatment Strategy for Sjögren's Syndrome.

Cited 24 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative review of proposed biological mechanisms without primary clinical data

PubMed 34281285 · doi:10.3390/ijms22137231 · record verified 2026-08-28

What was done

Narrative review outlining the mechanistic rationale for repurposing metformin as a therapeutic strategy in Sjögren's syndrome, focusing on cellular and immunomodulatory pathways.

What was found

The abstract reports no empirical numbers or clinical trial data. It describes the biological pathway whereby metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I, activates AMPK, and suppresses mTOR, thereby favoring regulatory T-cell differentiation and reducing B-cell differentiation into antibody-producing plasma cells.

Why it matters

Because effective disease-modifying treatments for Sjögren's syndrome remain limited, repurposing metformin to modulate pathogenic immune responses represents a plausible therapeutic concept.

Limits

The abstract provides only theoretical and mechanism-based reasoning; no patient cohort, sample size, or clinical efficacy data regarding salivary gland function are reported.

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