Deng · QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians 2021 · systematic review and meta-analysis · n=17 studies (14 RCTs, 3 observational studies)

Efficacy and safety of ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cited 40 times in the scientific literature.

Level 1 - systematic review of randomized trials

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

PubMed 34570241 · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcab247 · record verified 2026-08-31

What was done

Authors conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (OSs) published between January 1, 2020, and September 1, 2021, indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed (PROSPERO CRD42021275302). Assessed outcomes included time to viral clearance, duration of hospitalization, mortality, incidence of mechanical ventilation, and adverse events. Risk of bias was evaluated using RoB2 and ROBINS-I, and evidence quality was graded using GRADE.

What was found

Seventeen studies were included (14 RCTs and 3 OSs). The abstract reports no numerical effect estimates (such as relative risks or odds ratios), confidence intervals, or total participant counts. Based on meta-analysis of RCTs, ivermectin was not associated with reductions in time to viral clearance, duration of hospitalization, mortality, or mechanical ventilation. Ivermectin did not significantly increase adverse events, and findings from observational studies agreed with the RCT results.

Why it matters

By restricting analysis strictly to peer-reviewed data, this review shows that clinical benefits suggested by earlier non-peer-reviewed preprints are not supported by peer-reviewed randomized trials.

Limits

The abstract reports no raw numerical effect sizes, confidence intervals, or total participant numbers. Most included RCTs had some concerns regarding risk of bias, observational studies had moderate risk of bias, and overall certainty of evidence was graded as very low to moderate.

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