E-series resolvin metabolome, biosynthesis and critical role of stereochemistry of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in inflammation-resolution: Preparing SPMs for long COVID-19, human clinical trials, and targeted precision nutrition.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review of molecular mechanisms, stereochemistry, and preclinical pathways with no new human data.
PubMed 35227568 · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2022.101597
What was done
This narrative review synthesized the biochemical pathways, total organic synthesis, stereochemical assignments, and analytical profiling (UV absorbance, chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry) of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). It focused specifically on E-series resolvins (RvE1, RvE2, RvE3, RvE4) biosynthesized from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), alongside D-series resolvins, protectins, and maresins, evaluating their readiness for human clinical trials and conditions such as COVID-19.
What was found
The abstract reports no primary quantitative data, clinical effect sizes, or trial results. It summarizes that SPMs function as high-affinity ligands for G protein-coupled receptors, enhance phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells and pathogens, stimulate tissue regeneration via stem cells and cysteinyl-SPMs, and that matching biological isolates to stereospecific synthetic standards confirms their chemical structures and pro-resolving biological activities.
Why it matters
Establishing exact stereochemistry and reliable synthetic standards for SPMs is essential for validating targeted metabololipidomics and conducting rigorous clinical trials in inflammatory diseases.
Limits
The paper is a non-systematic narrative review providing mechanistic concepts rather than empirical clinical evidence. No patient numbers, controlled comparisons, or quantitative human therapeutic outcomes are reported in the abstract.
Cited by
- supports Metabolites of EPA and DHA include resolvins and protectins, which function to resolve inflammatory processes.