Toward Oral Supplementation of Diamine Oxidase for the Treatment of Histamine Intolerance.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
In vitro bench and formulation study without animal or human subjects
PubMed 35807806 · doi:10.3390/nu14132621
What was done
Researchers formulated a novel recombinant diamine oxidase (DAO-1 derived from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica PO1f) combined with catalase into a 400 mg sucrose-based tablet containing 690 nkat of enzyme activity. The tablet was evaluated in a simulated intestinal fluid model containing food constituents to assess histamine degradation capability and enzyme stability over 90 minutes.
What was found
The DAO-1 tablet degraded approximately 30% of histamine within 90 minutes under simulated intestinal conditions in the presence of food constituents. The stability of DAO-1 in simulated intestinal fluid was distinctively affected by the presence of the food matrix.
Why it matters
This study provides proof-of-concept for producing and formulating an active microbial diamine oxidase as an oral supplement to target intestinal histamine breakdown.
Limits
The experiment was conducted entirely in an in vitro simulated intestinal model with no in vivo animal testing or human clinical data. Histamine degradation was only partial (30% at 90 min), and the exact impact of varying digestive conditions, stomach acid transit, and diverse human dietary matrices remains untested in living subjects.
Cited by
- supports Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an enzyme taken orally to digest or break down dietary histamines.