Toups · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2022 · prospective single-arm pilot study · n=25

Precision Medicine Approach to Alzheimer's Disease: Successful Pilot Project.

Cited 70 times in the scientific literature.

Level 4 - case-series / case-control

Uncontrolled single-arm prospective pilot study (RCT indexing in pub_types appears incorrect based on abstract description)

PubMed 35811518 · doi:10.3233/JAD-215707 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

Twenty-five patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores of 19 or higher were evaluated for metabolic, infectious, toxic, inflammatory, hormonal, vascular, and nutrient factors. Brain magnetic resonance imaging with volumetrics was conducted at baseline and at 9 months. Patients received a personalized precision medicine protocol for 9 months, with cognition assessed at 0, 3, 6, and 9 months.

What was found

The authors report statistically significant improvements across all outcome measures, specifically MoCA scores, CNS Vital Signs Neurocognitive Index, Alzheimer's Questionnaire Change score, and MRI volumetrics. No serious adverse events were recorded. The abstract reports no numerical values, baseline scores, effect sizes, confidence intervals, or exact p-values.

Why it matters

This study provides preliminary proof-of-concept data for a personalized multi-target intervention targeting heterogeneous contributors to cognitive decline.

Limits

The study is a small (n = 25), uncontrolled, open-label pilot with no control group, making it impossible to rule out practice effects, regression to the mean, or placebo effects. The abstract contains zero quantitative outcome data.

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