Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis : a review of aetiological theories of a multifactorial disease.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review of theoretical mechanisms without new human empirical data or systematic review methodology.
PubMed 35909373 · doi:10.1302/0301-620X.104B8.BJJ-2021-1638.R1
What was done
Synthesized literature on theoretical models and proposed aetiological mechanisms for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), focusing on the interactions among genetic, internal, and environmental factors.
What was found
AIS (onset 11 to 18 years) has a reported prevalence of 0.47% and represents approximately 90% of all idiopathic scoliosis cases. The exact aetiology remains unknown, though evidence points to an interplay of genetic triggers and epigenetic propagation driving phenotypic variation. No other quantitative results are reported in the abstract.
Why it matters
Clarifying the multifactorial aetiology of AIS is aimed at enabling earlier diagnosis and better prediction of curve progression to optimize timing for imaging and therapeutic intervention.
Limits
This is a narrative review without original empirical data or systematic search and synthesis criteria reported in the abstract.
Cited by
- contradicts Spinal curvatures such as lordosis, kyphosis, or scoliosis are typically caused by weak bones from osteomalacia or rickets being pulled out of shape by muscles, and can be improved if caught early with adequate vitamin D and exercise.