Anti-Mullerian Hormone as a Marker of Ovarian Reserve and Function.
Level 4 - case-series / case-control
Single-center prospective observational cross-sectional correlation study without clinical outcome validation.
PubMed 36128562 · doi:10.7759/cureus.29214
What was done
A prospective, single-center observational study evaluated 100 infertile women attending an outpatient gynecology clinic over a two-year period. Participants underwent clinical evaluation, tubal patency testing, ovarian volume measurement, antral follicle count (AFC), and day 3 serum testing for anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and inhibin B. Correlations of these parameters with advancing age and AFC were calculated using Spearman's rho.
What was found
Most participants were aged 21 to 30 years (58 of 100). With advancing age, serum AMH had the strongest negative correlation (r = -0.931), followed by AFC (r = -0.884), inhibin B (r = -0.878), and ovarian volume (r = -0.876), whereas estradiol (r = 0.638), LH (r = 0.589), and FSH (r = 0.408) correlated positively. With AFC, serum AMH had the strongest positive correlation (r = 0.972), followed by ovarian volume (r = 0.919) and inhibin B (r = 0.769), whereas FSH (r = -0.663), estradiol (r = -0.543), and LH (r = -0.504) correlated negatively.
Why it matters
The study shows that serum AMH correlates more strongly with age and antral follicle count than standard gonadotropins or estradiol in infertile women.
Limits
The study was limited by a small sample size (n = 100) from a single center and lacked a fertile control group. The analysis was strictly correlational and did not assess clinical outcomes such as stimulation response, oocyte yield, or pregnancy rates.
Cited by
- supports Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels reflect a woman's remaining ovarian follicle reserve.