Magnesium Homeostasis: Lessons from Human Genetics.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review synthesizing genetic mechanisms and animal models without systematic methodology or primary clinical trial data.
PubMed 36723340 · doi:10.2215/CJN.0000000000000103
What was done
This narrative review synthesizes findings from human monogenic disorders and mouse knockout models to outline the molecular mechanisms of magnesium (Mg²⁺) homeostasis. It describes the transport pathways and channels involved in gut absorption and renal tubular reabsorption.
What was found
The abstract reports established physiological baselines: Mg²⁺ acts as a cofactor for about 600 enzymes; one-third of ingested Mg²⁺ is absorbed by gut epithelia via transcellular and paracellular routes; and renal handling maintains serum Mg²⁺ within 0.7–1.25 mmol/L, primarily via paracellular reabsorption in the proximal tubule and thick ascending limb. The abstract provides mechanistic descriptions rather than empirical numerical trial data.
Why it matters
Mapping the genetic mutations that cause human hypomagnesemia clarifies the distinct channels and regulatory mechanisms essential for human magnesium balance.
Limits
This is a narrative review without systematic search criteria or meta-analytic data. No sample sizes, patient counts, or quantitative outcome measures are provided in the abstract, and the conclusions rely partly on animal models.
Cited by
- supports The body regulates plasma magnesium concentrations tightly within the range of approximately 0.7 to 1.0 mmol/L.