Hope · Peptides 2023 · narrative review · n=?

Glucagon and energy expenditure; Revisiting amino acid metabolism and implications for weight loss therapy.

Cited 15 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative review of mechanisms and pre-clinical data without primary clinical trial data

PubMed 36736539 · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2023.170962 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

This narrative review summarizes existing preclinical and clinical literature on glucagon receptor (GCGR) multi-agonists (combining GCGR, GLP-1R, and GIPR) for obesity and metabolic disease, examining how glucagon stimulates energy expenditure and alters amino acid metabolism.

What was found

No quantitative findings, effect sizes, or sample statistics are reported in the abstract. The authors present an amino acid-centric model to explain glucagon-mediated energy expenditure and review the implications of glucagon-stimulated hypoaminoacidemia in the development of multi-agonist weight-loss therapies.

Why it matters

Clarifying the metabolic pathways mediating glucagon-driven energy expenditure helps refine next-generation multi-agonist anti-obesity drugs to maximize weight loss while monitoring potential metabolic consequences like amino acid depletion.

Limits

The abstract contains no original experimental data, quantitative outcomes, or systematic literature search methodology. Much of the evidence relies on preclinical rodent models, and the exact mechanisms in humans remain incompletely defined.

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