Programming Factors of Neonatal Intestinal Dysbiosis as a Cause of Disease.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review without systematic methodology or primary human data
PubMed 36982799 · doi:10.3390/ijms24065723
What was done
This paper reviews the programming factors that influence neonatal intestinal microbiota development and the potential pathways linking early-life dysbiosis to later disease. The abstract summarizes prenatal and perinatal influences including maternal nutrition, hormone therapy, antibiotic exposure, and mode of delivery.
What was found
The abstract reports no quantitative measurements, statistics, or numerical effect sizes. It qualitatively describes how disruptions to early microbial colonization impair immune system development and associate with disease states from the early neonatal period into adulthood.
Why it matters
It emphasizes the clinical importance of perinatal exposures—such as delivery method and antibiotic stewardship—in shaping initial microbiome establishment and downstream host immunity.
Limits
The abstract contains no original empirical data, quantitative findings, sample sizes, or systematic review search protocols. It represents a broad narrative overview based on mechanistic reasoning and general literature.
Cited by
- supports The human gut microbiome consists of trillions of microorganisms lining the digestive tract that impact immune function, metabolic health, and hormone regulation.