Fincham · Mindfulness 2023 · multi-arm randomized controlled trial · n=161

Effects of Mindfulness Meditation Duration and Type on Well-being: an Online Dose-Ranging Randomized Controlled Trial.

Cited 48 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Individual randomized controlled trial

PubMed 37304656 · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02119-2 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

A multi-arm online randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of mindfulness meditation duration and type over 2 weeks in a healthy community sample. Participants were randomized into one of four daily intervention groups: ~10 minutes sitting, ~30 minutes sitting, ~10 minutes movement, or ~30 minutes movement meditation. Primary and secondary outcomes included mental well-being, psychological distress, dispositional mindfulness, self-reported adherence frequency, and dropout rate. A total of 161 participants fully completed the study and were included in the final sample.

What was found

Well-being and dispositional mindfulness scores increased, and distress scores decreased within all four groups over time. However, the abstract reports no specific numerical data, effect sizes, or test statistics. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in well-being, distress, mindfulness, or practice frequency by meditation dose (~10 vs ~30 min) or type (sitting vs movement). Dropout rates did not differ by dose, but movement meditation groups experienced significantly higher dropout rates than sitting meditation groups regardless of dose.

Why it matters

Brief 10-minute daily mindfulness meditation may offer comparable short-term psychological benefits to longer 30-minute sessions in self-help formats, while movement-based practices appear to carry higher attrition.

Limits

The abstract provides no numerical data, confidence intervals, or p-values. The trial lacked an inactive or non-mindfulness active control group, lasted only 2 weeks, relied entirely on self-reported measures, used a completers-only analysis (n = 161) that introduces attrition bias, and was retrospectively registered.

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