Svoboda · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 2024 · Randomized counterbalanced crossover trial · n=30

Effects of tempo of self-selected music on isokinetic strength performance and psychological outcomes.

Cited 6 times in the scientific literature.

Level 2 - randomized trial

Individual randomized crossover trial

PubMed 37702552 · doi:10.1111/sms.14487 · record verified 2026-08-29

What was done

Thirty resistance-trained college-aged adults completed three exercise testing sessions in a randomized, counterbalanced repeated-measures design. Participants performed concentric maximum-effort knee extension and flexion testing on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/s under three conditions: self-selected fast music, slow music, and no music. Standardized Likert-style scales measured perceived effort, discomfort, attention, arousal, and pleasantness.

What was found

Music improved knee extension torque compared to no music, but had no effect on knee flexion torque. Neither the presence of music nor its tempo influenced any of the measured psychological outcomes (effort, discomfort, attention, arousal, or pleasantness). The abstract reports no numerical values, effect sizes, or p-values.

Why it matters

This study suggests that self-selected music provides minimal ergogenic or psychological benefit during short-duration, high-intensity strength tasks, contrasting with its established benefits in endurance exercise.

Limits

The sample size is small (n = 30) and restricted to college-aged, resistance-trained adults. Outcomes were limited to single-joint isokinetic contractions at a single velocity (60°/s), which may not generalize to multi-joint or free-weight resistance exercises. No numerical data or confidence intervals are reported in the abstract.

Cited by