Seminal papers in urology: urinary volume, water and recurrences in idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis: a 5-year randomized prospective study : Borghi L, Meschi T, Amato F, Briganti A, Novarini A, Giannini A. urinary volume, water and recurrences in idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis: a 5-year randomized prospective study. The Journal of urology. 1996 Mar;155(3):839 - 43.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Critical commentary and narrative review of a single historical randomized controlled trial
PubMed 38310269 · doi:10.1186/s12894-024-01416-9
What was done
This critical review evaluated a landmark 5-year randomized controlled trial (Borghi et al., 1996) assessing water intake in idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis. In the original trial, 199 patients were randomized to either increased water intake (≥2 L/day, n = 99) or usual care (n = 100) to evaluate stone recurrence rates and time to recurrence.
What was found
The reviewed study demonstrated: - Lower recurrence rate in the increased water intake group compared to usual care: 12.1% vs. 27% (p = 0.008). - Longer time to recurrence with increased water intake: 38.7 ± 13.2 months vs. 25 ± 16.4 months (p = 0.016).
Why it matters
Highlights foundational randomized trial evidence supporting guideline recommendations for kidney stone patients to maintain high fluid intake to prevent recurrence.
Limits
This publication is a commentary/letter reviewing a single historical trial rather than new primary data or a systematic review. The abstract does not provide details on patient adherence, dropout rates, dietary confounders, or adverse effects from the original trial.
Cited by
- supports Maintaining a daily fluid intake of at least 2.5 liters dilutes urine sufficiently to prevent kidney stone formation.