Ribeiro · Current nutrition reports 2025 · narrative review · n=?

Urolithin as a Metabolite of Ellagitannins and Ellagic Acid from Fruits and Nuts Produced by the Gut Microbiota: Its Role on Non-Communicable Diseases.

Cited 23 times in the scientific literature.

Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data

Narrative review without systematic search methodology

PubMed 40180655 · doi:10.1007/s13668-025-00645-0 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

This narrative review synthesized literature on how urolithins—metabolites produced by gut microbiota from ellagitannins and ellagic acid found in fruits (such as pomegranates, raspberries, cloudberries, and blackberries) and nuts—regulate transcription factors including NRF2, NF-kB, and PPAR-γ. It examined their proposed therapeutic roles across non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease.

What was found

The abstract reports no numerical data or effect sizes. Qualitatively, it reports that urolithins possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-atherosclerotic effects, alongside enhancing mitochondrial function and redox balance via activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway.

Why it matters

This review summarizes the mechanistic biological pathways connecting dietary polyphenol consumption and microbial metabolism to the regulation of chronic inflammatory and metabolic conditions.

Limits

As a narrative review, it lacks a systematic literature search, standardized study selection, and risk-of-bias evaluation. The abstract does not provide empirical human trial data, quantitative effect estimates, or safety outcomes.

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