Navigating the dual burden of dental and periodontal care in individuals who also smoke: an expert review.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative expert review without systematic methodology or quantitative synthesis
PubMed 40216069 · doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105744
What was done
The authors conducted an expert narrative review searching PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for clinical trials, systematic reviews, and international guidelines regarding the management of dental and periodontal care in individuals who smoke.
What was found
The abstract reports no quantitative data or numerical effect sizes. It qualitatively describes that chronic smoking accelerates biofilm accumulation and periodontal tissue breakdown, while smoking cessation improves healing, reduces inflammation, and restores oral microbiota balance. It identifies behavioral counseling, pharmacotherapy, mobile health applications, and harm-reduction alternatives (such as electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products) as supportive modalities in dental settings.
Why it matters
It highlights the necessity for dental clinicians to embed structured smoking cessation interventions directly into routine periodontal therapy rather than treating periodontal disease in isolation.
Limits
The review is non-systematic and does not provide quantitative synthesis, risk-of-bias grading, or explicit study counts. Specific numerical outcomes and comparative effect sizes are omitted from the abstract, and the long-term oral health safety of alternative nicotine delivery systems remains unmeasured.
Cited by
- supports Oral nicotine use contributes to the development or worsening of gum disease.