Wine Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Level 3 - non-randomized controlled study
Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational (cohort and case-control) studies.
PubMed 40284187 · doi:10.3390/nu17081322
What was done
The authors conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science investigating wine consumption and incident lung cancer risk. They performed a categorical highest-versus-lowest intake meta-analysis comparing heavy drinkers with very occasional drinkers. Analyses were stratified by smoking status, gender, and study design, with study quality assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
What was found
The overall meta-analysis showed a non-statistically significant reduction in lung cancer risk (OR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.77-1.03). Among smokers, wine consumption was associated with a statistically significant 22% risk reduction (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62-0.97); however, this association was lost when analyzed separately by study design.
Why it matters
Despite hypotheses regarding protective polyphenols in wine, the synthesized evidence demonstrates no consistent association between wine intake and lung cancer risk.
Limits
The abstract omits the number of included studies, total participant count, and specific numerical results for gender or non-smoker subgroups. Findings rely entirely on observational studies vulnerable to recall bias, misclassification of intake, and residual confounding by smoking intensity.
Cited by
- supports Ethanol is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).