Regulation of Adipose Tissue Metabolism During Fasting.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review synthesizing mechanistic pathways and physiological regulation without systematic review or primary clinical data
PubMed 40327532 · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-120524-013857
What was done
This is a narrative review examining the impact of fasting on adipose tissue metabolism, focusing on hormonal and neuronal regulatory mechanisms as well as sexually dimorphic metabolic responses.
What was found
The abstract reports no quantitative data or effect sizes. Qualitatively, fasting inhibits triacylglycerol storage by suppressing the extracellular enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Concurrently, intracellular breakdown of triacylglycerols and the release of free fatty acids and glycerol into the bloodstream are enhanced via upregulation of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). These adaptations are driven by shifts in insulin, glucagon, corticosteroids, growth hormone, catecholamines, and neuronal signaling, leading to lipid repartitioning toward nonadipose tissues.
Why it matters
It outlines the fundamental enzymatic and endocrine shifts that coordinate lipid mobilization and energy repartitioning during fasting states.
Limits
The abstract describes a non-systematic review without reporting primary human trials, sample sizes, study selection criteria, or quantitative outcome measures. Specific differences regarding sexual dimorphism are not detailed in the summary.
Cited by
- supports Elevated insulin prevents ketosis by suppressing hormone-sensitive lipase, blocking the release of free fatty acids from adipocytes.