Perspectives on Genetic and Environmental Factors in Myopia, Its Prediction, and the Future Direction of Research.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review and expert perspective without systematic methodology or original data
PubMed 40471572 · doi:10.1167/iovs.66.7.4
What was done
This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on genetic and environmental factors driving myopia, methods for predicting onset and progression (such as axial length monitoring and artificial intelligence models), and future research directions for prevention.
What was found
The abstract reports no quantitative data or effect sizes. It describes reduced time outdoors and increased near-work activities as key environmental contributors to rising myopia rates, alongside high genetic heritability. It notes that outdoor interventions show promise in reducing incidence and progression, while emphasizing that young children with early-onset high myopia and young adults with continuing progression remain under-researched.
Why it matters
It emphasizes the value of integrating genetic profiling, biometric tracking like axial length, and behavioral monitoring to improve early risk prediction and targeted interventions for myopia.
Limits
As a narrative review, it presents no original empirical data, quantitative effect estimates, or systematic review methodology.
Cited by
- context Ophthalmological refractive traits and poor eyesight are overwhelmingly genetic.