Environmental toxicants and Parkinson's disease: recent evidence, risks, and prevention opportunities.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review without systematic search methodology or meta-analytic pooling.
PubMed 41109237 · doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(25)00287-X
What was done
Narrative review synthesizing evidence on the role of environmental toxicant exposures—specifically pesticides, dry-cleaning solvents (trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene), and air pollution—in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and prevention.
What was found
The abstract reports no quantitative metrics, effect estimates, or exposure concentrations. It qualitatively states that environmental factors play a dominant role in etiology, that these toxicants impair mitochondrial and lysosomal function, and that the disease may be largely preventable.
Why it matters
Identifies major modifiable chemical drivers of Parkinson's disease, framing prevention as achievable through targeted toxicant monitoring, exposure reduction, and regulatory policy changes.
Limits
As a narrative review, it lacks a systematic search protocol or quantitative pooling. Dose-response relationships, exposure timing and routes, gene-environment interactions, mixture effects, and microbiome contributions remain unquantified.
Cited by
- supports Exposure to organic toxicants such as trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), dieldrin, and paraquat contributes to the risk and pathology of Parkinson's disease.