Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): Molecular Mechanisms, Actions and Clinical Applications in Human Body.
Level 5 - mechanism / opinion, no new human data
Narrative review of mechanisms and clinical applications with no systematic methodology or primary human trial data.
PubMed 41226837 · doi:10.3390/ijms262110804
What was done
This is a narrative review describing platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparation methods (single- or double-spin centrifugation, buffy coat techniques), classification systems based on leukocyte and fibrin content, molecular mechanisms of tissue repair, and broad clinical applications across orthopedics, dermatology, gynecology, dentistry, and chronic wound management.
What was found
The abstract reports no numerical outcomes, sample sizes, or effect sizes. It details qualitative biological mechanisms, including the release of growth factors (VEGF, PDGF, TGF-β), immunomodulation favoring M2 macrophage polarization, extracellular vesicle signaling, angiogenesis, and serotonin-mediated analgesia that collectively support tissue repair across diverse clinical settings.
Why it matters
It provides a consolidated framework linking variations in PRP processing to downstream cellular mechanisms and multi-specialty clinical applications.
Limits
The abstract lacks a systematic literature search, risk-of-bias assessment, and quantitative comparative efficacy data. It notes substantial heterogeneity in PRP preparation methods across studies as a persistent unresolved issue.
Cited by
- supports Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatments rely on growth factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to stimulate blood supply and tissue healing.